Towards an Effective Decision Procedure for LTL formulas with Constraints

This paper presents an ongoing work that is part of a more wide-ranging project whose final scope is to define a method to validate LTL formulas w.r.t. a program written in the timed concurrent constraint language tccp, which is a logic concurrent constraint language based on the concurrent constraint paradigm of Saraswat. Some inherent notions to tccp processes are non-determinism, dealing with partial information in states and the monotonic evolution of the information. In order to check an LTL property for a process, our approach is based on the abstract diagnosis technique. The concluding step of this technique needs to check the validity of an LTL formula (with constraints) in an effective way. In this paper, we present a decision method for the validity of temporal logic formulas (with constraints) built by our abstract diagnosis technique.Comment: Part of WLPE 2013 proceedings (arXiv:1308.2055

United States v. Arpaio: The Judicial Limit on the President’s Pardon Power

Article II of the United States Constitution grants the President unlimited authority to pardon. Specifically, the President “shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons for offences against the United States (“U.S.”), except in cases of impeachment.” Once a pardon is issued, it must be accepted by the pardoned individual for the pardon to take effect. On August 25, 2017, President Donald J. Trump pardoned Sheriff Arpaio of a conviction for contempt of court. The prior month, the District Court for the District of Arizona (“district court”) had convicted Sheriff Arpaio of criminal contempt of court for intentionally failing to adhere to the district court’s preliminary injunction. The preliminary injunction ordered Sheriff Arpaio to stop detaining individuals based on their Hispanic appearance in order to investigate civil violations of federal immigration law. However, as Sheriff of Arizona’s Maricopa County Sheriff Office (“MCSO”), he continuously and intentionally failed to do so. Sheriff Arpaio characterized himself as “America’s Toughest Sheriff” and was known for his unequivocal stance against illegal immigration. Subsequently, Sheriff Arpaio accepted President Trump’s pardon and then moved to vacate his conviction. Judge Bolton of Arizona’s District Court denied Sheriff Arpaio’s Motion to Vacate the Judgment for criminal contempt of court. Arpaio then appealed the denial to vacate his conviction before the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (“Ninth Circuit”). At which point, the U.S. Department of Justice declined to defend Judge Bolton’s order denying Arpaio’s request for vacatur. Absent representation from the U.S., plaintiff’s amici requested that the Ninth Circuit appoint a special prosecutor to defend the district court’s decision. In a case of first impression, the Ninth Circuit determined that it had the authority to appoint a special prosecutor to defend the Arizona District Court’s order under Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure 42 and its own inherent judicial power

Violencia y empoderamiento en las escritoras españolas: de la postransición al nuevo milenio

En las últimas décadas se ha producido un aumento del interés general en temas de violencia de género desde diferentes perspectivas y campos de investigación. A finales de los años 90 la sociedad española empezó a tomar conciencia del problema de la violencia que afectaba a las mujeres, tanto a nivel individual como social. Sin embargo, ya desde el final de la dictadura la literatura se convirtió en canal de denuncia de la desigualdad y de la violencia a la que las mujeres estaban sometidas, tratando dichos temas desde una perspectiva ginocéntrica. En esta ponencia se hará un análisis de algunas de las novelas escritas por mujeres que denuncian diferentes formas de violencia e invitan a un empoderamiento y revalorización de las mujeres desde este ámbito

The body as space for writing subjectivity in Beatriz y Los Cuerpos Celestes (1998) by Lucía Etxebarría

The past decades have seen the growth of Hispanic fiction characterized by the adoption of a gynocentric vision focused on the body as a space to write subjectivity. This tendency opens the possibility to speculate that, perhaps, this substantial textual corpus designates the emergence of a literary trend that questions, through the subjective body, the categories of gender and sex established in societies. The second novel of the controversial writer Lucía Etxebarría explores the sex-gender system as a symboliccultural construction materialized in women´s bodies impeding the construction of subjectivity. The novel subverts different discourses that confined bodies denying them the possibility to exist and self-perform outside a system of closed gender categories established in the environment surrounding women.La proliferación en las últimas décadas de una narrativa hispánica caracterizada por la adopción de una óptica ginocéntrica, cuyo espacio de escritura de la subjetividad se inscribe en el cuerpo, abre la posibilidad de especular que, quizá, existe un corpus textual lo suficientemente numeroso que designe la aparición de una tendencia literaria que cuestione, a través del cuerpo subjetivo, las categorías de género y sexo establecidas en las sociedades. La segunda novela de la polémica escritora Lucía Etxebarría explora el sistema sexo-género como una arquitectura simbólico-cultural que se materializa en los cuerpos de las mujeres impidiendo la construcción de la subjetividad. La novela subvierte diferentes discursos que atraviesan los cuerpos y los confinan negándoles la posibilidad de existir y auto-realizarse fuera un sistema de categorías cerradas establecido en los ambientes que rodean a las mujeres

Abstract Diagnosis for Timed Concurrent Constraint programs

The Timed Concurrent Constraint Language (tccp in short) is a concurrent logic language based on the simple but powerful concurrent constraint paradigm of Saraswat. In this paradigm, the notion of store-as-value is replaced by the notion of store-as-constraint, which introduces some differences w.r.t. other approaches to concurrency. In this paper, we provide a general framework for the debugging of tccp programs. To this end, we first present a new compact, bottom-up semantics for the language that is well suited for debugging and verification purposes in the context of reactive systems. We also provide an abstract semantics that allows us to effectively implement debugging algorithms based on abstract interpretation. Given a tccp program and a behavior specification, our debugging approach automatically detects whether the program satisfies the specification. This differs from other semiautomatic approaches to debugging and avoids the need to provide symptoms in advance. We show the efficacy of our approach by introducing two illustrative examples. We choose a specific abstract domain and show how we can detect that a program is erroneous.Comment: 16 page

The additional difficulties for the automatic synthesis of specifications posed by logic features in functional-logic languages

This paper discusses on the additional issues for the automatic inference of algebraic property-oriented specifications which arises because of interaction between laziness and logical variables in lazy functional logic languages. We present an inference technique that overcomes these issues for the first-order fragment of the lazy functional logic language Curry. Our technique statically infers from the source code of a Curry program a specification which consists of a set of equations relating (nested) operation calls that have the same behavior. Our proposal is a (glass-box) semantics-based inference method which can guarantee, to some extent, the correctness of the inferred specification, differently from other (black-box) approaches based on testing techniques

Abstract Contract Synthesis and Verification in the Symbolic K Framework

[EN] In this article, we propose a symbolic technique that can be used for automatically inferring software contracts from programs that are written in a non-trivial fragment of C, called KERNELC, that supports pointer-based structures and heap manipulation. Starting from the semantic definition of KERNELC in the K semantic framework, we enrich the symbolic execution facilities recently provided by K with novel capabilities for contract synthesis that are based on abstract subsumption. Roughly speaking, we define an abstract symbolic technique that axiomatically explains the execution of any (modifier) C function by using other (observer) routines in the same program. We implemented our technique in the automated tool KINDSPEC 2.1, which generates logical axioms that express pre- and post-condition assertions which define the precise input/output behavior of the C routines. Thanks to the integrated support for symbolic execution and deductive verification provided by K, some synthesized axioms that cannot be guaranteed to be correct by construction due to abstraction can finally be verified in our setting with little effort.This work has been partially supported by the EC H2020-EU grant agreement No. 952215 (TAILOR), the EU (FEDER) and the Spanish MCIU under grant RTI2018-094403-B-C32, by Generalitat Valenciana under grant PROMETEO/2019/098.Alpuente Frasnedo, M.; Pardo, D.; Villanueva, A. (2020). Abstract Contract Synthesis and Verification in the Symbolic K Framework. Fundamenta Informaticae. 177(3-4):235-273. https://doi.org/10.3233/FI-2020-1989S2352731773-

La integración e inclusión escolar de los niños con Síndrome de Down

El trabajo que se presenta a continuación está referido a la inclusión e integración escolar de los alumnos con Síndrome de Down. Cuando están matriculados tanto en un colegio ordinario como en un colegio específico, los niños que presentan este diagnóstico, debemos responder a las características que requieren y a la hora de intervenir, tenemos que tener en cuenta diversos aspectos, como son la motivación, el aprendizaje, la integración…etc., es decir, adaptarnos a sus necesidades educativas especiales, con el fin de ofrecerle una educación de calidad. En la primera parte del trabajo se presenta el marco teórico de la integración con la correspondiente legislación que lo sustenta, así como el proceso a seguir desde su escolarización. En la segunda parte se profundiza en los aspectos comentados anteriormente del Síndrome de Down y se presenta al final, la intervención en un caso con un alumno con este diagnóstico matriculado en un centro específico, en el curso de EBO 1.Grado en Educación Primari

Análisis de las decisiones estratégicas tomadas en UNE EPM telecomunicaciones

La investigación presentada en este trabajo pretende identificar la estrategia definida a lo largo un flujo de decisiones sobre patrones identificables en periodos anuales. El caso de estudio se centra en la empresa UNE EPM Telecomunicaciones, sobre la cual se realiza todo este recorrido. Con base en todo un referente teórico de tres autores relevantes con relación al tema indagado: Ansoff, Porter y Mintzberg, se describe inicialmente los aspectos más importantes de sus teorías y que de alguna manera tienen incidencia directa con este trabajo de investigación. Posteriormente se diseña una serie de comparaciones y coincidencias de las teorías anteriormente mencionadas frente a los hallazgos encontrados, en una serie de comportamientos, resultados y decisiones, donde dicho análisis logra vislumbrar algunas estrategias en la compañía.Abstract: Research presented in this paper aims to identify the strategy defined along a stream of decisions about annual periods patterns. The study case focuses on the company UNE EPM Telecomunicaciones, which one this whole journey is done. Based on a benchmark about three expert strategic authors: Ansoff, Porter and Mintzberg, I described the most important aspects of his theories and how that ones have direct impact with this research. Subsequently this document shows a series of comparisons and similarities of the theories above against findings in behaviors, outcomes and decisions, where such analysis does glimpse some strategies in the company somehow can almost predict the future marked by these days.Maestrí